Mu Changchun of the central bank: The central bank's digital currency is about to come out, and will adopt a two-tier operating system

中国人民银行支付结算司副司长穆长春在中国金融四十人论坛上表示,央行数字货币即将推出,将采用双层运营体系,即上层是中国人民银行,第二层是商业机构。原因如下:1. 央行数字货币必将是面对零售场景、面对公众,而比特币、Libra的性能并不能满足高并发,经过研究后决定采用双层体系;2. 大国发行央行数字货币是复杂的系统工程;3. 商业银行等机构的IT基础设施应用和服务体系已比较成熟,用户基础庞大,服务习惯已经养成;人才储备较为充分,IT专家众多;系统的处理能力较强,在金融科技应用等方面已积累了一定的经验;4. 可避免将风险过度集中在单一个体;5. 单层投放会引发“金融脱媒”。央行直接对公众投放数字货币,会对商业银行存款产生挤出效应,影响商业银行的贷款投放能力;极端情况下,还会颠覆现有金融体系,出现央行包打天下的“大一统”局面;6. 双层不会改变流通中货币的债权债务关系,不会改变现有货币投放体系和二元账户结构;不会影响现有货币政策传导机制;7. 央行不会预设技术路线,任何一个先进技术都可能用于央行数字货币研发;电子支付与央行数字货币界限模糊;可以充分调动市场力量,通过竞争实现系统优化。(链得得)
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