European Central Bank Executive Committee: Attracting huge investments in digital euros may increase financial stability risks or limit personal holdings of digital euros

星球日报讯 官方消息,欧洲央行执行委员会成员法比奥•帕内塔(Fabio Panetta)解释为何评估引入数字欧元,人们使用数字支付方式的频率越来越高。现金作为支付手段的作用可能会大大下降。但是现金是中央银行发行的付款工具,提供安全的主权资金作为公共物品一直是中央银行的核心使命,应该继续履行这一核心使命。 其次,我们需要防止少数非欧洲企业主导欧洲零售支付市场,这些非欧洲企业可能相对不受欧洲当局的监管审查和监督。这可能导致竞争和数据保护不足。在没有欧洲数字支付解决方案的情况下,我们的货币和金融主权最终将受到威胁。 数字欧元将保护隐私,增加消费者选择,降低交易成本并支持经济数字化,同时确保主权资金仍是金融体系的核心。通过允许所有市场参与者在数字欧元的基础上提供更多服务。引入数字欧元将有助于保持竞争开放并刺激创新,同时增强欧洲的自治权和金融弹性。 对于如何看待数字欧元对现有银行系统的影响?帕内塔表示,数字欧元将为消费者提供一种安全、无风险、完全流动的支付方式。在没有任何限制或约束的情况下,它可以吸引巨额投资,包括将零售存款从银行大量转移到数字欧元。这可能增加金融稳定的风险,尤其是在危机中。但是我们会避免这些风险。有两种可能的方法来解决它们。一种是限制个人用户持有的数字欧元,例如不超过3,000欧元。这将限制存款从银行向数字欧元的流出。第二种可能性是通过对超过一定阈值的金额征收惩罚性罚款,来阻止大量持有数字欧元。因此,数字欧元将提供一种以主权货币进行数字支付的有效方式,而不是作为一种投资形式。这将避免金融部门的不稳定,并保护金融中介。 此外,帕内塔表示,非欧元区居民可以使用的数字欧元将为跨境零售交易提供一种安全的支付手段。我们可以与中国央行相互学习,并加深对与可能引入数字货币相关的挑战的理解。引入数字欧元所需的最短时间可能为五年,最早于2026年推出数字欧元,不应该急于先完成。
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