DAG+MimbleWimble, can The Forbidden Forest replace Grin?
Produced by Odaily
Author |
Editor | Lu Xiaoming
Produced by Odaily
Editor | Lu Xiaoming
You may have heard of the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), or the MimbleWimble protocol popularized by Grin and Beam, but you may not have imagined what kind of chemical reaction will be produced by combining DAG and MimbleWimble protocol?
On April 30, at the "Code Talks" blockchain technology developer exchange conference held in Seoul, South Korea, Odaily discovered a public chain called "The Forbidden Forest" (hereinafter referred to as "TFF"), based on the MimbleWimble protocol + DAG , the main application direction focuses on application scenarios such as cross-border payment, cross-border e-commerce, offline retail and offline digital currency ATM machines with high privacy requirements.
secondary title
Privacy guaranteed with MimbleWimble
At the end of 2018, the blockchain industry set off a wave of anonymous coin boom. The anonymous coin projects Grin and Beam supported by the Mimblewimble protocol as the underlying network also attracted investors in the market in a short period of time.
MimbleWimble is a blockchain privacy protection format and protocol, a technology that can prevent the blockchain from leaking personal information. The name comes from a kept secret spell in Harry Potter.
Interestingly, Kosta Du, a major contributor to The Forbidden Forest community, told Odaily that there is a chapter in "Harry Potter" called "The Forbidden Forest". Lots of amazing creatures.
Speaking of TFF technology, every Bitcoin transaction leaks 3 pieces of information: the sender's address, the amount of transfer, and the receiver's address.
In MimbleWimble, there is no transaction address, the transaction amount is also hidden, and transactions in the middle state can be merged. Merging means that if among all the transactions to be packaged into the block, A transfers money to B first, and then B transfers a certain amount of money to C, then there is no need to record all these two transactions, only the transfer from A to How much money does C have, merge the intermediate state of the transaction, and attach B's signature at the same time. This can ensure security and avoid double spending, while reducing the size of the UTXO set and reducing the space required for block storage. This also helps to improve the scalability of the public chain.
1. There is no address in the blockchain, and the recipient must build a new transaction witness for each transfer;
2. The transaction amount is also hidden;
3. Transactions in intermediate states can be merged, and a small amount of information makes tracking more difficult.
secondary title
Use DAG to improve TPS
According to Kosta's introduction, the current theoretical concurrent processing capability of the Bitcoin network is only 7 TPS, the concurrent processing capability of the Grin network is 10 TPS, and the concurrent processing capability of the Beam network is 17 TPS. Kosta believes that compared with VISA, the concurrent processing performance of the blockchain network is still seriously insufficient.
Therefore, developers in the TFF community thought of using DAG technology to improve the concurrent processing capabilities of the TFF network. DAG ledger technology uses schema ledger structure and asynchronous parallel bookkeeping to solve the problem of insufficient concurrency of distributed ledger system.
First, use the DAG structure so that each node can record data in parallel to different branches of the DAG.
Secondly, DAG uses the ability of point-to-point mutual verification in the wallet client. This verification is parallel. Assuming that there are 10,000 transactions in this world at the same time, the transactions can be verified in parallel through mutual relations. If the chain is forking, there will be different wallets in this world recording different transactions on different forks.
Third, the unit of DAG bookkeeping is finer, not blocks, but transactions. If a transaction occurs, it will be written immediately, which will be faster than after packaging.
In addition, DAG has another feature, because it is verified by neighboring nodes, so if there are more wallets in the entire network, the greater the number of transactions, the greater the amount of change that can be supported. Therefore, the concurrent processing capability of DAG ledger technology increases as the number of nodes increases.
Kosta said that the current TPS of TFF can reach up to 10,000.
The structure of the Forest ledger chain is shown in the figure below. Each transaction is an accounting unit. The unit can choose one or more units as the parent unit. Each unit verifies and confirms the parent unit, and includes the hash that references the parent unit to itself. In the unit data, a hash chain is formed. All units and reference confirmation relationships form a fast-growing DAG. With such a DAG account book, if any node tries to modify the data of a unit, it will find that many subsequent units need to be modified, and it is constantly accumulating. It is completely impossible to start . This DAG ledger ensures that the Forest public chain is traceable, tamper-proof, and irreversible.
secondary title
Still in the research and development stage, the main network will be launched in December
During the interview, Cong, a part-time community developer of TFF, told Odaily that TFF is not an underlying network that can support various real-life applications, and it is not a token, but a coin, so the core value of TFF is concentrated On Forest Coin, not DAG and MimbleWimble protocol.
Considering the fairness of mining and the resistance to ASIC mining, Forest currently chooses equihash as the mining algorithm.
The Forest public chain system adopts a layered and modular architecture. The whole system is divided into network layer, data layer, consensus layer, protocol layer and application layer, among which
The network layer includes P2P network communication module, IP address hiding module, etc.;
The data layer includes encryption module, MimbleWimble module, DAG memory data engine and DAG database module, etc.;
The consensus layer includes modules such as reference confirmation consensus, PoW and GhostPlus backbone consensus;
The protocol layer includes modules such as MimbleWimble conditional contract, master node API, wallet API, Stratum API and lightning network;
The application layer includes wallet apps, DAG browsers, mining pools and mining programs, etc.
In terms of the choice of specific development language, due to the need to develop MimbleWimble-related high-privacy functions and high-performance DAG ledgers, like Grin, the Forest project will use the Rust language.
